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the utility theory of value

  • 1 utility

    [juː'tɪlətɪ] 1.
    1) (usefulness) utilità f.
    2) (anche public utility) (service) servizio m. di pubblica utilità
    3) inform. utility f.
    2.
    nome plurale utilities AE titoli m. delle aziende di servizio pubblico
    3.
    modificatore [ vehicle] per il trasporto di merci e passeggeri; [ object] multiuso
    * * *
    [ju'tiləti]
    plural - utilities; noun
    1) (usefulness: Some kitchen gadgets have only a limited utility.) utilità
    2) (a useful public service, eg the supply of water, gas, electricity etc.) (servizio pubblico)
    •
    * * *
    utility /ju:ˈtɪlətɪ/
    A n.
    1 [u] utilità; vantaggio: He questioned the utility of spending all the money on improvements, si interrogava sull'utilità di spendere tutti quei soldi in miglioramenti
    2 (fin.) servizio pubblico; azienda di servizio pubblico ( del gas, dell'elettricità, dei trasporti, ecc.): public utility, servizio pubblico; impresa pubblica (o d'interesse pubblico)
    3 [u] (econ.) utilità: utility function, funzione di utilità; the utility theory of value, la teoria utilitaristica del valore
    4 (pl.) (pubbl.) comodità, comfort ( di una casa, ecc.)
    5 (comput.) programma di servizio; (programma di) utilità
    B a. attr.
    eclettico; multiuso: ( calcio, ecc.) a utility player, un giocatore eclettico; un jolly
    ● utility blade, lama (o temperino) multiuso □ (autom.) utility car, utilitaria □ (stor., GB) utility clothing, «abbigliamento funzionale» (realizzato in base a criteri fissi per far fronte alla penuria di materie prime durante la seconda guerra mondiale e regolamentato dal governo) □ utility coach, autofurgone □ utility companies, società di servizi pubblici ( gas, trasp., ecc.) □ utility man, factotum, operaio generico; (teatr.) generico; comparsa □ utility room, ripostiglio □ ( USA) utility pole, palo della luce (o del telefono) □ (Austral. e NZ) utility truck, camioncino □ utility van, furgoncino.
    * * *
    [juː'tɪlətɪ] 1.
    1) (usefulness) utilità f.
    2) (anche public utility) (service) servizio m. di pubblica utilità
    3) inform. utility f.
    2.
    nome plurale utilities AE titoli m. delle aziende di servizio pubblico
    3.
    modificatore [ vehicle] per il trasporto di merci e passeggeri; [ object] multiuso

    English-Italian dictionary > utility

  • 2 utility

    1. сущ.
    1)
    а) общ. полезность, практичность; выгодность, эффективность

    The overriding goal of the project is to appraise the utility of production cooperatives as a means of pooling the financial, management, and labor resources of small farms. — Первостепенная цель проекта — оценка полезности производственных кооперативов как средства объединения финансовых, управленческих и трудовых ресурсов мелких ферм.

    Long-term field tests of that kind will be needed to evaluate the practical utility of the method. — Для того, чтобы оценить практическую полезность этого метода потребуются длительные полевые испытания.

    See:
    б) пат. полезность (один из трех критериев патентоспособности, согласно которому изобретения должны иметь функциональное предназначение и приносить обществу положительный эффект)
    2) эк. полезность (субъективное ощущение удовлетворения от потребления чего-л., которое испытывает человек; не имеет отношения к полезности для здоровья)
    See:
    3) общ. что-л. полезное [практичное, выгодное\]; полезная вещь
    4) гос. упр. = public utility
    See:
    5) комп. утилита, вспомогательная программа, обслуживающая программа

    An antivirus utility is a program that prevents, detects, and removes viruses from a computer's memory or storage devices. — Антивирусная утилита — это программа, которая предотвращает появление вирусов, обнаруживает и удалят вирусы из памяти компьютера или других запоминающих устройств.

    6) трансп., австр. = utility vehicle
    2. прил.
    1) общ. утилитарный, практичный
    2) эк. (экономически) выгодный, рентабельный (используемый для извлечения прибыли, напр., о домашних животных, разводимых с целью получения мяса, шерсти и т. п., а не содержащихся как выставочные экземпляры или домашние любимцы)

    utility livestock — скот, разводимый с целью извлечения прибыли; скот, разводимый для продажи

    3) общ. вспомогательный, второстепенный; подсобный
    4) эк. коммунальный (относящийся к коммунальному хозяйству, деятельности коммунальных предприятий; связанный с коммунальными услугами)
    See:
    5) торг. дешевый, невысокого качества, низкосортный; второсортный

    utility beef — низкосортная говядина, говядина низкого сорта


    * * *
    1) польза, полезность, способность продукта или услуги удовлетворять человеческие потребности; 2) плата за ценные бумаги предприятий общественного пользования; 3) экономически выгодный, практичный, рентабельный, утилитарный.
    * * *
    электростанция; коммунальное предприятие (электричество, центральное отопление, водопровод, канализация, газ и т. п.); полезность
    . Полезность - показатель благосостояния или удовлетворенности инвестора или отдельного человека . Словарь экономических терминов .
    * * *
    субъективная польза, извлекаемая индивидом из потребления товара или услуги

    Англо-русский экономический словарь > utility

  • 3 Barlow, Peter

    SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping
    [br]
    b. 13 October 1776 Norwich, England
    d. 1 March 1862 Kent, England
    [br]
    English mathematician, physicist and optician.
    [br]
    Barlow had little formal academic education, but by his own efforts rectified this deficiency. His contributions to various periodicals ensured that he became recognized as a man of considerable scientific understanding. In 1801, through competitive examination, he became Assistant Mathematics Master at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, and some years later was promoted to Professor. He resigned from this post in 1847, but retained full salary in recognition of his many public services.
    He is remembered for several notable achievements, and for some experiments designed to overcome problems such as the deviation of compasses in iron ships. Here, he proposed the use of small iron plates designed to overcome other attractions: these were used by both the British and Russian navies. Optical experiments commenced around 1827 and in later years he carried out tests to optimize the size and shape of many parts used in the railways that were spreading throughout Britain and elsewhere at that time.
    In 1814 he published mathematical tables of squares, cubes, square roots, cube roots and reciprocals of all integers from 1 to 10,000. This volume was of great value in ship design and other engineering processes where heavy numerical effort is required; it was reprinted many times, the last being in 1965 when it had been all but superseded by the calculator and the computer. In the preface to the original edition, Barlow wrote, "the only motive which prompted me to engage in this unprofitable task was the utility that I conceived might result from my labour… if I have succeeded in facilitating abstruse arithmetical calculations, then I have obtained the object in view."
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    FRS 1823; Copley Medal (for discoveries in magnetism) 1825. Honorary Member, Institution of Civil Engineers 1820.
    Bibliography
    1811, An Elementary Investigation of the Theory of Numbers.
    1814, Barlow's Tables (these have continued to be published until recently, one edition being in 1965 (London: Spon); later editions have taken the integers up to 12,500).
    1817, Essay on the Strength of Timber and Other Materials.
    Further Reading
    Dictionary of National Biography.
    FMW

    Biographical history of technology > Barlow, Peter

См. также в других словарях:

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